計(ji)算機(ji)電纜(lan)與光纜(lan)的區別說明：

：材質(zhi)上(shang)有區別。計算機電纜(lan)(lan)以金屬材質(zhi)，大多數為銅導體;光(guang)纜(lan)(lan)以玻(bo)璃質(zhi)纖維為傳導體。

二：傳(chuan)輸信(xin)號(hao)(hao)上(shang)有區別。計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)傳(chuan)輸的(de)是(shi)電(dian)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)。光(guang)(guang)纜(lan)(lan)傳(chuan)輸的(de)是(shi)光(guang)(guang)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)。二者(zhe)都起著傳(chuan)遞數(shu)據(ju)(ju)的(de)作用(yong)，從用(yong)戶的(de)角度看，光(guang)(guang)纜(lan)(lan)比計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)傳(chuan)遞數(shu)據(ju)(ju)快很多。光(guang)(guang)纜(lan)(lan)里面是(shi)光(guang)(guang)纖(xian)，數(shu)據(ju)(ju)用(yong)光(guang)(guang)速(su)(su)傳(chuan)播，而電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)里是(shi)金屬(般是(shi)銅)，以電(dian)子脈沖(chong)作為數(shu)據(ju)(ju)介質，速(su)(su)度為電(dian)子運動速(su)(su)度(不是(shi)電(dian)磁波(bo)速(su)(su)度)。

三(san)：應用(yong)范圍上有區別(bie)。電纜現多(duo)用(yong)于(yu)能源傳(chuan)(chuan)輸(shu)及(ji)低端(duan)數據(ju)信息(xi)傳(chuan)(chuan)輸(shu)。光纜多(duo)用(yong)于(yu)數據(ju)傳(chuan)(chuan)輸(shu)。

計(ji)算機電(dian)(dian)纜通(tong)常是由幾組(zu)(zu)導線(xian)(每組(zu)(zu)至(zhi)少兩根(gen))絞合而成的(de)類似(si)繩索的(de)電(dian)(dian)纜,每組(zu)(zu)導線(xian)之間(jian)相互J緣,并常圍(wei)繞著根(gen)中(zhong)芯(xin)扭成個纜芯(xin)，有(you)的(de)每組(zu)(zu)包覆(fu)屏(ping)(ping)蔽層，有(you)的(de)整個纜芯(xin)包覆(fu)有(you)屏(ping)(ping)蔽層，有(you)的(de)每組(zu)(zu)及纜芯(xin)都有(you)屏(ping)(ping)蔽層。根(gen)據敷設(she)條件(jian)的(de)不同，為(wei)了對電(dian)(dian)纜進行(xing)保護，有(you)的(de)計(ji)算機電(dian)(dian)纜外帶有(you)鎧裝(zhuang)層，外層包覆(fu)有(you)外護套。計(ji)算機電(dian)(dian)纜被廣泛地應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于發電(dian)(dian)、冶金、礦山、石油(you)化工、交通(tong)和(he)(he)科技國防等L域 ,作為(wei)計(ji)算機網(wang)絡 (DCS 系(xi)統(tong)(tong)) 、自(zi)動化控(kong)制系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)檢測裝(zhuang)置和(he)(he)儀器(qi)儀表連接用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜。

光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纜是(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)電纜的(de)(de)(de)簡稱，是(shi)傳(chuan)送光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信號(hao)的(de)(de)(de)介質，它(ta)由(you)纖(xian)芯、包層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和外(wai)部(bu)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)增強強度的(de)(de)(de)保護層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)構成。纖(xian)芯是(shi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)二(er)氧(yang)化(hua)硅(gui)摻以鍺、磷等(deng)材料制成，呈圓柱形。外(wai)面包層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)純二(er)氧(yang)化(hua)硅(gui)制成，它(ta)將(jiang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信號(hao)折射(she)到(dao)(dao)纖(xian)芯中(zhong)。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)分單(dan)(dan)模(mo)和多模(mo)兩(liang)(liang)種，單(dan)(dan)模(mo)只(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)提(ti)(ti)供條光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)通路，多模(mo)有多條光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)通路，單(dan)(dan)模(mo)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)容量(liang)大(da)，價格較(jiao)貴，目前單(dan)(dan)模(mo)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)芯連包層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)尺寸約8.3μm/125μm， 多模(mo)纖(xian)芯常用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)為62.5μm/125μm。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)只(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能作單(dan)(dan)向傳(chuan)輸，如需雙向通信，則應成對使用(yong)(yong)(yong)。國內的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纜服(fu)務(wu)速度已(yi)經達到(dao)(dao)100Mbps,而(er)服(fu)務(wu)商表示終將(jiang)把該(gai)數字提(ti)(ti)高(gao)到(dao)(dao)1Gbps到(dao)(dao)10Gbps。其(qi)體(ti)積、重量(liang)小，成本低，通信容量(liang)大(da)，通信能力強等(deng)點。由(you)于諸多因素，目前它(ta)只(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)作長途和點與(yu)點(即兩(liang)(liang)交換機房)之間的(de)(de)(de)通信傳(chuan)輸。